问题：Location Matters
类型：推荐
提问：jimuwei
等级：★★★
版块：灌水乐园(goldjohn,沧海一声笑,)
信誉：100%
回复：0
阅读：469
时间：2010-09-17 10:03:00 编辑加入/取消收藏订制/取消短消息举报该贴

Location Matters

CREDIT: MIWA SASAI

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), an immune cell specialized to respond to viral infections, use Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7 and 9 expressed in endosomes to sense viral nucleic acids. Triggering of TLR7 or 9 results in the induction of two distinct signaling pathways, one that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and another that induces the expression of antiviral type I interferons. How one receptor can trigger two distinct signaling pathways, however, is not clear. Sasai et al. (p. 1530) now show that subcellular localization is key. Cells from mice deficient in the Adapter Protein 3 (AP-3) complex, which regulates protein sorting to intracellular vesicles, did not produce type I interferons in response to TLR9 ligand, but proinflammatory cytokine production remained intact. AP-3 was required for trafficking of TLR9 from early endosomes, where proinflammatory signaling can occur, to lysosome-related organelles, where the signaling machinery required for type I interferon induction is located. Such spatial segregation may represent a common mechanism whereby activation of one receptor can result in the induction of multiple independent signaling cascades.

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