问题：请教羟胺的物理及化学性质。
类型：求助 (悬赏分:3分)
提问：yunjinqi
等级：▲▲
版块：有机化学问题(jimuwei,fpcwin1211,netpanda,yjgzfl,Ftian,)
信誉：94%
回复：6
阅读：2405
时间：2005-09-16 13:02:14 编辑加入/取消收藏订制/取消短消息举报该贴

请教羟胺的物理及化学性质。而不是盐酸羟胺和硫酸羟胺的性质。谢谢。

回复人：qiangpeng,★★★★★ (化学百科) 时间：2005-09-16 18:40:05 编辑	1楼
羟胺（hydroxylamine）氨的羥基化衍生物.用於從醛和酮合成, 化学诱变剂，分子式为NH2OH，能使胞嘧啶（C）先变成羟氨基胞嘧啶，再经互变异构反应变成能与腺嘌呤配对的羟氨基胞嘧啶，导致GC对变成了AT对，从而诱发了基因突变。

回复人：liguo911,▲ (化工安全) 时间：2005-09-26 15:02:34 编辑	2楼
NH2OH ，又常程胲。不稳定白色晶体，密度1.204，熔点33.05度，沸点56.5度（2.9千帕，22毫米汞柱），极易吸湿，对皮肤有腐蚀性，溶于冷水、乙醇、甲醇。在常温逐渐分解，在较高温度会爆炸。

回复人：amino_acid,▲ (民工甲——无知者无畏) 时间：2005-09-26 15:23:31 编辑	3楼
我做过一个，在三毫米汞柱下蒸馏都会分解，一般做不到纯品，容易分解。

回复人：wangjinyon,★ (化工成就了我,我会成就化工) 时间：2005-09-26 16:27:14 编辑	4楼
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/search/ProductDetail/ALDRICH/467804

回复人：wangjinyon,★ (化工成就了我,我会成就化工) 时间：2005-09-26 16:30:19 编辑

5楼

安全数据表
Date Printed: 26/SEP/2005
Date Updated: 14/MAR/2004
Version 1.3
According to 91/155/EEC
1 - Product and Company Information
Product Name HYDROXYLAMINE, 99.999+%, 50 WT. %
SOLUTI ON IN WATER
Product Number 467804
Company Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH
Riedstrasse 2
89555 Steinheim
Germany
Technical Phone # 49-89-6513(0)-1444
Fax 49-7329-97-2319
Emergency Phone # 49 7329 97 2323
2 - Composition/Information on Ingredients
Product Name CAS # EC no Annex I
Index Number
HYDROXYLAMINE SOLUTION, ~50% IN None None None
WATER
Ingredient Name Percent CAS # EC no Annex I
Index Number
HYDROXYLAMINE 50 7803-49-8 232-259-2 612-122-00-7
Symbols: Xn-N
R-Phrases: 5-22-37/38-41-43-48/22-50
Heating may cause an explosion. Harmful if swallowed. Irritating
to respiratory system and skin. Risk of serious damage to eyes.
May cause sensitization by skin contact. Harmful: danger of
serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. Very
toxic to aquatic organisms.
WATER 50 7732-18-5 231-791-2 None
Formula H2NOH
Molecular Weight 33.03 AMU
3 - Hazards Identification
SPECIAL INDICATION OF HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Heating may cause an explosion. Harmful if swallowed. Irritating
to respiratory system and skin. Risk of serious damage to eyes.
May cause sensitization by skin contact. Harmful: danger of
serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. Very
toxic to aquatic organisms.
4 - First Aid Measures
AFTER INHALATION
If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If breathing becomes difficult,
call a physician.
AFTER SKIN CONTACT
In case of contact, immediately wash skin with soap and copious
amounts of water.
AFTER EYE CONTACT
In case of contact with eyes, flush with copious amounts of
water for at least 15 minutes. Assure adequate flushing by
separating the eyelids with fingers. Call a physician.
AFTER INGESTION
If swallowed, wash out mouth with water provided person is
conscious. Call a physician.
5 - Fire Fighting Measures
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
Suitable: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, or appropriate
foam.
SPECIAL RISKS
Specific Hazard(s): Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions.
Explosion Hazards: Container explosion may occur under fire
conditions.
SPECIAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT FOR FIREFIGHTERS
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing
to prevent contact with skin and eyes.
6 - Accidental Release Measures
PERSONAL PRECAUTION PROCEDURES TO BE FOLLOWED IN CASE OF LEAK OR SPILL
Evacuate area.
PROCEDURE(S) OF PERSONAL PRECAUTION(S)
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, rubber boots, and heavy
rubber gloves.
METHODS FOR CLEANING UP
Absorb on sand or vermiculite and place in closed containers for
disposal. Ventilate area and wash spill site after material
pickup is complete.
7 - Handling and Storage
HANDLING
Directions for Safe Handling: Do not breathe vapor. Avoid
contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Avoid prolonged or
repeated exposure.
STORAGE
Conditions of Storage: Keep tightly closed.
Store at 2-8°C
8 - Exposure Controls / Personal Protection
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Safety shower and eye bath. Mechanical exhaust required.
GENERAL HYGIENE MEASURES
Wash thoroughly after handling.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
ALDRICH - 467804 www.sigma-aldrich.com Page 2
Respiratory Protection: Government approved respirator.
Hand Protection: Compatible chemical-resistant gloves.
Eye Protection: Chemical safety goggles.
9 - Physical and Chemical Properties
Appearance Physical State: Clear liquid
Color: Very faintly yellow
Property Value At Temperature or Pressure
pH N/A
BP/BP Range 100 °C 760 mmHg
MP/MP Range N/A
Flash Point N/A
Flammability N/A
Autoignition Temp N/A
Oxidizing Properties N/A
Explosive Properties N/A
Explosion Limits N/A
Vapor Pressure 9 mmHg 40 °C
SG/Density 1.078 g/cm3
Partition Coefficient N/A
Viscosity N/A
Vapor Density N/A
Saturated Vapor Conc. N/A
Evaporation Rate N/A
Bulk Density N/A
Decomposition Temp. N/A
Solvent Content N/A
Water Content N/A
Surface Tension N/A
Conductivity N/A
Miscellaneous Data N/A
Solubility N/A
10 - Stability and Reactivity
STABILITY
Stable: Stable.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat.
Materials to Avoid: Phosphorus halides, Ammonia, Sodium,
Carbonyls, Pyridine, Hypochlorites, Copper, Oxidizing agents,
Potassium dichromate, Chromium trioxide, Zinc, Calcium.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
and nitrogen oxides.
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur
11 - Toxicological Information
SENSITIZATION
Skin: May cause skin sensitization
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF EXPOSURE
Symptoms of exposure may include burning sensation, coughing,
wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, and
vomiting. Absorption into the body leads to the formation of
methemoglobin which in sufficient concentration causes cyanosis.
ALDRICH - 467804 www.sigma-aldrich.com Page 3
Onset may be delayed 2 to 4 hours or longer. May cause
convulsions.
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE
Skin Contact: Causes skin irritation.
Skin Absorption: May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Eye Contact: Causes severe eye irritation.
Inhalation: Material is irritating to mucous membranes and upper
respiratory tract. May be harmful if inhaled.
Ingestion: Harmful if swallowed.
TARGET ORGAN INFORMATION
Blood. Central nervous system.
CHRONIC EXPOSURE - MUTAGEN
Result: Laboratory experiments have shown mutagenic effects.
12 - Ecological Information
No data available.
13 - Disposal Considerations
SUBSTANCE DISPOSAL
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose
of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible
solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an
afterburner and scrubber. Observe all federal, state, and local
environmental regulations.
14 - Transport Information
RID/ADR
UN#: 3082
Class: 9
PG: III
Proper Shipping Name: Environmentally hazardous
substance, liquid, n.o.s.
IMDG
UN#: 3082
Class: 9
PG: III
Proper Shipping Name: Environmentally hazardous
substance, liquid, n.o.s.
Marine Pollutant: No
Severe Marine Pollutant: No
Technical Name: Required
IATA
UN#: 3082
Class: 9
PG: III
Proper Shipping Name: Environmentally hazardous
substance, liquid, n.o.s.
Inhalation Packing Group I: No
Technical Name: Required
15 - Regulatory Information
CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING ACCORDING TO EU DIRECTIVES
INDICATION OF DANGER: Xn-N
ALDRICH - 467804 www.sigma-aldrich.com Page 4
Harmful. Dangerous for the environment.
R-PHRASES: 5-22-37/38-41-43-48/22-50
Heating may cause an explosion. Harmful if swallowed.
Irritating to respiratory system and skin. Risk of serious
damage to eyes. May cause sensitization by skin contact.
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged
exposure if swallowed. Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
S-PHRASES: 26-36/37/39-23-61
In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of
water and seek medical advice. Wear suitable protective
clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection. Do not breathe
vapor. Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special
instructions/safety data sheets.
16 - Other Information
WARRANTY
The above information is believed to be correct but does not
purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The
information in this document is based on the present state of our
knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to
appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any
guarantee of the properties of the product. Sigma-Aldrich Inc.,
shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or
from contact with the above product. See reverse side of invoice
or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.
Copyright 2005 Sigma-Aldrich Co. License granted to make unlimited
paper copies for internal use only.
DISCLAIMER
For R&D use only. Not for drug, household or other uses.
ALDRICH - 467804 www.sigma-aldrich.com Page 5

回复人：yunjinqi,▲▲ () 时间：2005-09-27 15:20:41 编辑	6楼
接受答案了。

得分人：qiangpeng-1,liguo911-3,amino_acid-1,wangjinyon-2,

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